What we do know is that the overall cost of shipping goods internationally remained relatively high through the mid-1970s, even with containerization. One 1976 shipment studied in detail by the Maritime Administration, involving $25,000 worth of wheel rims shipped from Lansing, Michigan, to Paris, France, incurred $5,637 of freight costs—22.6 percent of the value of the cargo. The bill included $3,600 for ocean freight from Detroit to Le Havre, more than $600 in trucking costs, and over $1,300 in fees and insurance costs. With the 7 percent French import tariff added on, the wheel rims cost
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