In addition to perception, there are five other valid sources of knowledge, admitted by the Mīmāṁsā, namely, inference (anumāna), comparison (upamāna), authority or testimony (śabda), postulation (arthāpatti) and non-perception (anupalabdhi). The last one is admitted only by the school of Kumārila Bhaṭṭa and not by that of Prabhākara.
