Christian Orr

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Even in this shrewd company, New Caledonian crows stand out. While they may not make and use the variety of tools that chimps and orangutans do, they craft their tools with precision from a range of materials. They make them the proper length and diameter for any particular task. They modify them to solve new problems. They innovate. They use tools in sequence, as 007 did in the video of that eight-stage puzzle, using a short tool to get a longer one that can be used to get food. And perhaps most impressively, they make and use hook tools—the only species other than humans to do so.
The Genius of Birds
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