Another outcome of the famine which had a lasting impact was the formulation of the Irish Republican Brotherhood. The IRB – or Fenian movement, as it became popularly known after the legendary Irish version of the Samurai – was founded in 1858 in Dublin, and the following year spread to New York, where the movement became known as Clann na Gael (Family of Gaels). Like the United Irishmen, of which it was a lineal descendant, it was an oath-bound secret society whose revolutionary objectives were as much anathematized by the Church as by the British. Bishop Moriarty of Kerry produced one of the
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