What we find as the last step of the gradual training is that after you have concentrated your mind via the fourth jhāna, when one’s mind is thus concentrated, pure and bright, unblemished, free from defects, malleable, wieldy, steady, and attained to imperturbability, one directs and inclines it to the knowledge of the destruction of the āsavas. One understands as it really is: “This is dukkha.” One understands as it really is: “This is the origin of dukkha.” One understands as it really is: “This is the cessation of dukkha.” One understands as it really is: “This is the way leading to the
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