Introducing Psychology: A Graphic Guide

by Nigel C. Benson

Julian Rotter (b. 1916) invented the term Social Learning Theory (1947) when studying social interactions in laboratory conditions. For him, humans have EXPECTATIONS about the effects of their behaviour, the kind of reinforcement they get, etc. In addition, people have their individual VALUES that they apply to their behaviour and the reinforcements they receive. An important question for Rotter is: Where is your Locus of Control? 1. Internal Locus of Control people believe that reinforcement depends on personal efforts – thinking they are in charge of their lives and acting accordingly. They are physically and mentally healthier and more socially skilled. Their parents are supportive, generous with praise, consistent with discipline, and non-authoritarian. 2. External Locus of Control people believe that reinforcement depends on outside sources – so they make less attempts at improving their lives.