1920 elections and formed the first government under the new diarchal4 system of governance. By 1923, a sizeable section in the Congress regretted boycotting the legislature and wanted to participate in the electoral process. They split from the Congress and formed the Swaraj Party. The Swarajist faction was led by Rajaji’s rival, S. Satyamurti5 in the Madras Presidency. Periyar, however, stayed with the Rajaji faction.
