The Collapse of Parenting: How We Hurt Our Kids When We Treat Them Like Grown-Ups

by Leonard Sax

Program for International Student Assessment (PISA). First administered worldwide in 2000, the PISA test is offered every three years. Students take the PISA at 15 years of age.9 Within each participating country, schools are randomly chosen. The program has received wide praise for its thoroughness and its ability to test real understanding and creativity, not just rote mastery of facts. The PISA also has maintained a constancy of methods since its first administration in 2000, so it provides a consistent yardstick over time. As recently as 2000, when the PISA was first administered, the United States still maintained a respectable mid-rank position in the world list.