“I’m sure you’ve heard the term Chaos Theory, often called the butterfly effect. This just means there are certain systems for which the slightest change in initial conditions can cause huge effects, huge uncertainty in the end result. Edward Lorenz was one of the early pioneers—by accident. He was modeling weather systems, and he wanted to repeat an analysis he had already done, entering interim results by hand. The computer he used calculated numbers to six decimal places, but to save time he truncated them to just three. Instead of entering .546124, he entered only .546. He never thought in
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