During this tumultuous time, no colleague broke ranks and denounced Althaus as one of the principal authors of the ‘Aryan paragraph’ which had excluded converted Jews from the Protestant Church. Nor did anyone signal that his ‘theology of order’ and ‘theology of creation’ had provided intellectual legitimacy to Nazism and to anti-Semitism. Instead, Althaus remained a key player in German Protestantism long after his academic retirement in 1956.35