Suarez is not so cavalier in allowing dispensations from the law of the state. While obedience to human laws that are contrary to God’s is not permitted, Suarez asks how much certainty one must have of the evil of a law in order to disobey it. The standard he requires is moral certainty. “For if the matter is doubtful, a presumption must be made in favour of the lawgiver . . . otherwise the subjects would assume an excessive licence to disregard the laws, since the latter can hardly be so just that it is impossible for them to be called in doubt by some for apparent reasons.”
