The most popular of the Scholastic logics was that of Burgersdijck, of 1626. It contains what may be one of the rare incursions of reality into pure logic; his example of a universal proposition is “All crows are black,” his countrymen’s recent extraordinary discovery in New Holland having rendered inoperative the previous example, “All swans are white.” Burgersdijck displays no tendency to inductive skepticism as a result of this contretemps. He believes that an induction that does not survey all the instances is adequate provided it is clear that the unsurveyed instances follow the “same
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