The Empirics rejected inference to unseen causes for various reasons, among others that a cause could in principle be inferred from an effect that had been observed only once. Dogmatists were not, therefore, in a position to object to the Empirics’ use of inference from what has been observed “very many times.” To admit that in doubtful cases a second case is useful, as the Dogmatists do, opens the door to considering the whole question of inductive skepticism and the worth of large numbers of cases.
