If the Universe Is Teeming with Aliens ... WHERE IS EVERYBODY?: Seventy-Five Solutions to the Fermi Paradox and the Problem of Extraterrestrial Life

by Stephen Webb

An ETC having no uncolonized stars within reach will, of necessity, develop a culture lacking the colonization drive. Therefore any given colony will have some probability of developing into a colonizing civilization, and a probability of developing into a non-colonizing civilization.

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