So long as the really working population was so much occupied in their necessary labour that they had no time left for looking after the common affairs of society — the direction of labour, affairs of the state, legal matters, art, science, etc. — so long was it always necessary that there should exist a special class, freed from actual labour, to manage these affairs; and this special class never failed to impose a greater and greater burden of labour, for its own advantage, on the working masses. Only the immense increase of the productive forces attained through large scale industry made it
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