The Bolsheviks had sworn to change all this. Instead of the backwardness, inefficiency, and injustice of traditional farming, scientific, socialist agricultural production would combine resources in huge collectives, transforming servile, ignorant country folk into proper agricultural proletarians and producing enough grain to feed the vast acceleration of industry the Soviet leadership had projected as part of its Five-Year Plan. The first attempts to implement this policy were met with resistance, which embittered Moscow.
