Hubert Vos (1885-1935), an American painter who emigrated from the Netherlands, painted the portraits of Emperor Gojong and several officials as well as Seoul landscapes (fig. 2) during his Asian journey. However, the popularization of oil paintings came about through early pioneers like Ko Hui-dong, who after returning from study in Tokyo joined group activities or taught art classes to students. fig. 2) Hubert Vos, Landscape of Seoul, 1899, Oil on canvas, 30 x 60 cm, National Museum of Contemporary
