Further, there is evidence that only self-motion accomplishes this; the visual system cannot develop if one is merely transported around, passively. In one of the earliest experiments in what would come to be called embodied cognition, ten pairs of kittens were reared in the dark, except for three hours per day that they spent in a carousel apparatus that allowed one twin to move freely, while the other was carried passively by the movements of the first. The active kitten could move up, down, away from, or toward the center of the carousel, as well as rotate in epicycles at the periphery of
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