a violent campaign can make effective use of only your physically strongest activists. Those are the guys who can battle in the streets, lug the heavy equipment around, and work the machine guns. Everyone else in your society who might otherwise want to support you—grandmothers, professors, or poets—won’t be able to take part. And to take down a dictatorship, you need to build a critical mass with everyone on your side. It’s almost impossible to do that with violence.

