Louisiana sugar planters, unable to repair wartime destruction, saw themselves replaced by newcomers; by 1870, Northern investors owned half the estates. In the lowcountry rice kingdom, with its equally large capital requirements, continuing labor turmoil and the opening of new lands to rice cultivation west of the Mississippi discouraged outside investment. Many planters, unable to resume production, were reduced to penury.
![A Short History of Reconstruction [Updated Edition]](https://i.gr-assets.com/images/S/compressed.photo.goodreads.com/books/1420523330l/24316207.jpg)
