All these teachings begin with this very simple observation: There is only consciousness. The various yogas are not means to reach this consciousness. Abhinavagupta, the tenth-century Tantric philosopher and one of India’s greatest thinkers, says in his monumental work Tantraloka (“light on the Tantras”): “All that is proscribed, all that is upheld, the yogas based on such limbs as the control of breath or other things, all that is false.”