Avoid too many separate elements on a page. Avoid leaving equal amounts of white space between elements unless each group is part of a related subset. Avoid even a split second of confusion over whether a headline, subhead, caption, graphic, or the like belongs with its related material. Create a relationship among elements with close proximity. Don’t create relationships with elements that don’t belong together! If they are not related, move them apart from each other. Don’t stick things in the corners or in the middle just because the space is empty.