the flow chart is a very poor abstraction of software structure.[10] Indeed, it is best viewed as Burks, von Neumann, and Goldstine's attempt to provide a desperately needed high-level control language for their proposed computer. In the pitiful, multipage, connection-boxed form to which the flow chart has today been elaborated, it has proved to be essentially useless as a design tool—programmers draw flow charts after, not before, writing the programs they describe.
