As with all of the practices of the PNEU, there were principles to bear in mind through the instruction and implementation of this relationship of the work of the hands. First, the children would not be “employed in making futilities such as pea and stick work, paper mats and the like.” In other words, the work must not be accomplished in vain. It was not what we identify as macaroni-and-refrigerator art, but it involved hands touching varied mediums in expression of self. As always, it was “the book, the knowledge, the clay, the bird or blossom he thinks of, not his own place in the class or
  
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