Aristotle was a different kind of philosopher to those that had gone before. One of Raphael’s most famous paintings, Scuola di Atene or The School of Athens, is a fresco on the walls of the Apostolic Palace in the Vatican, depicting most of the great Greek philosophers. At the centre stand Plato and Aristotle, holding copies of their books in one hand, and pointing with the other, Plato upwards to the heavens, Aristotle down to the Earth.

