His companions watching from the spaceship would find the intervals between successive signals from the astronaut getting longer and longer as eleven o’clock approached. However, the effect would be very small before 10:59:59. They would have to wait only very slightly more than a second between the astronaut’s 10:59:58 signal and the one that he sent when his watch read 10:59:59, but they would have to wait forever for the eleven o’clock signal. The light waves emitted from the surface of the star between 10:59:59 and eleven o’clock, by the astronaut’s watch, would be spread out over an
...more
