Undaunted by this exchange, Borglum began to carve the edited text into Rushmore’s granite. He had to have done so in the belief that Mr. Coolidge eventually would give in and approve the edited version, because otherwise such carving would have been wasted effort. The Rushmore Act passed by Congress in 1929 clearly stated that the Entablature text was “to be indited by Calvin Coolidge.” Mr. Coolidge, however, was not about to give in.
