He criticized the Adlerian and Freudian schools for not recognizing that they are essentially clergy- the very act of trying to heal neurosis has a religious element because you are making assumptions about the Telos of human life- about meaning, purpose, and destiny. He wanted the field of Psychology to admit that it cannot exist in pure Empiricism- the very act of analysis is preceded by philosophical tenets. He writes: "Just as the discovery of the unconscious shadow-side once forced the school of Freud to deal even with questions of religion, so the latest advance of analytical psychology
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