This weird type of quantum correlation is called “entanglement.” If a classical system is in a definite state, with zero entropy, then all the pieces of the system are also in a definite state, with zero entropy. If we know the state of the whole, then we also know the state of the pieces. For example, if two bits are in the state 01, then the first bit is in the state 0 and the second bit is in the state 1. But when a quantum system is in a definite state, though, such as the correlated state of our quantum bits, the pieces of the system need not be in a definite state. In entangled states,
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