In Mississippi, one of the most important reactions to the decision was the formation, in October 1954, of the White Citizens’ Council (wcc), pursuing the agenda of the Klan with the demeanor of the Rotary. Comprising professionals, businessmen, and planters, the Councils officially eschewed violence and other extralegal tactics, instead launching a wave of economic reprisals against anyone, Black or white, seen as a threat to the status quo.
White resistance
