The EU and the European Security Strategy: Forging a Global Europe

by Sven Biscop

(Hoffmann 2004).22

dated referene... still a valid assessment ?

United States has failed in its global agenda.

bold.

Both America's actions and Europe's inaction have mutual and global consequences.

There had to be a national retaliation for a national outrage, a territorial attack. The administration and its conservative supporters scarcely acknowledged the NATO invocation of Article V, the first-ever assertion of the cooperative defence clause, in the days following 9/11.

1970s, the European Communities (EC)