Lustig concludes that “fructose is a poison” and presents a compelling case for this, accusing fructose of causing metabolic syndrome (obesity, type 2 diabetes, lipid conditions, hypertension and cardiovascular disease). He also notes an interesting role played by fructose in obesity – that it does not suppress grehlin, the hunger hormone and it does not stimulate insulin, or leptin, the latter being the signal to the brain that something has been eaten.