The Black Book of Communism, edited by French historian Stéphane Courtois, estimates that 94 million people were killed in Communist states in the twentieth century, including 20 million in the Soviet Union, 65 million in China, 1 million in Vietnam, 2 million in North Korea, 2 million in Cambodia, 1 million in Communist Eastern Europe, 150,000 in Latin America, 1.7 million in Africa, 1.5 million in Afghanistan, and 10,000 due to “the international Communist movement and Communist parties not in power.”
