Answering Atheism - How to Make the Case for God with Logic and Charity

by Trent Horn

The density of matter in the universe: In the first seconds of the universe’s existence, matter could not have differed in density by more than one part in one quadrillion. If matter were more dense (or if the matter were more “crowded together”), there would have been a “big crunch” that collapsed the universe. If matter were less dense (or more spread out), it would have kept the galaxies from forming as the universe rapidly expanded. Without galaxies there would not be stars or planets and presumably there would not be any life.224 The expansion rate of the universe: The cosmological constant represents the strength of gravity in an empty vacuum of space. This constant also controls how fast the universe expands. Once thought to be zero, this constant is actually fine-tuned to the 120th power—a decimal point with 199