For example, in a text from 1918 consistent with this paradigm's theory of revolution, Lenin distinguished between two phases after the overthrow of capitalism: the first, socialist phase, in which "factory discipline" is extended over the whole of society; and the final phase of true communism. The socialist stage-a lengthy period of transition between capitalism and communism whose precise duration is unknown-requires from workers "self-sacrifice," "perseverance," and a commitment to "the proper path of steady and disciplined labour" (Lenin 1989, 223, 226).
