The violent energy pent up within the Nazi movement during the summer of 1938 unloaded itself not in war, but in an unprecedented assault on the Jewish population. Beginning already in the summer of 1938, the Nazi party orchestrated a wave of anti-Semitic outrages that culminated in a nationwide pogrom on 9 November 1938, an event without parallel in the modern history of Western Europe.113 To make this connection between the Sudeten crisis and Kristallnacht is more than mere socio-psychological inference. In their reports on the pogrom in November 1938, the local branches of the SS
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