A Universe From Nothing

by Lawrence M. Krauss

Edwin Hubble, who continues to give me great faith in humanity, because he started out as a lawyer and then became an astronomer.

One can speculate that the universe began in the most symmetrical state possible and that in such a state no matter existed; the universe was a vacuum. A second state existed, and in it matter existed. The second state had slightly less symmetry, but was also lower in energy. Eventually a patch of less symmetrical phase appeared and grew rapidly. The energy released by the transition found form in the creation of particles. This event might be identified with the big bang . . . The answer to the ancient question “Why is there something rather than nothing?” would be that “nothing” is unstable.