little if your excuse is good or not. Using the simple validation ‘because’ is sufficient. A sign proclaiming: ‘We’re renovating the highway for you’ is completely redundant. What else would a maintenance crew be up to on a highway? If you hadn’t noticed before, you realise what is going on once you look out the window. And yet this knowledge reassures and calms you. After all, nothing is more frustrating than being kept in the dark.

