In September 1818 a full-blown congress assembled at Aix-la-Chapelle (Aachen). Alexander was present in person, flanked by Nesselrode and Capodistrias; Francis came with Metternich; and Frederick William was accompanied by Hardenberg and Count Bernstorff. Castlereagh and Wellington represented Britain, and Richelieu was allowed to attend as the representative of France.
