These air raids brought international attention to the fate of Chongqing, and the Chinese government in exile based there. At the same time that the Spanish Republic was in equally desperate combat against the Nationalist forces of General Franco, diplomats, reporters, and businessmen from many countries were able to witness the devastation of the Chinese Nationalist capital. Worse yet, the raids of May 3 and 4 were just examples, albeit the most savage, of a continuous battering that Chongqing would endure for years. During the most intense period of bombing, between May 1938 and August 1941,
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