The mathematical ideas explored in the preceding chapters, arithmetic, algebra, Euclidean geometry, trigonometry, coordinate geometry, and the various types of functions, comprise a considerable amount of mathematics. Of course, the development of each of these ideas is far more extensive than we have indicated or than school courses usually cover. But the seventeenth century, which inspired and initiated the modern scientific movement, provided the problems and suggestions for new branches of mathematics which dwarf in extent, depth, and power the mathematics we have examined thus far. The
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