Peter J. Rachleff, Black Labor in the South: Richmond, Virginia, 1865–1890 (Philadelphia, PA: Temple University Press, 1984); Eric Arnesen, Waterfront Workers of New Orleans: Race, Class, and Politics, 1863–1923 (New York: Oxford University Press, 1991); James D. Anderson, The Education of Blacks in the South, 1860–1935 (Chapel Hill, NC: University of North Carolina Press, 1988).
