The Americanization of popular culture was evident in Japanicized-English entries for such imports as the pinup, the jitterbug, boogie-woogie, and the whodunit (hūdanitto). A 1948 compilation included such essential borrowed English as alibi, “casting vote,” ecstasy, scandal, up-to-date, Achilles’ heel, and Amen—along with four suggestive slang words: baloney, corny, hot, and phony. “Dark horses” galloped without translation onto the linguistic terrain. “Hubba-hubba” became popular, albeit with the distinctive meaning of “hurry, hurry” rather than its original association with men ogling
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