fight against Amalek. Israel was not sent by way of the Philistines’ land because they would be afraid of war (13:17), but now, just a few chapters later, they are sent to war against the Amalek! And Israel prevails! How do we explain this? Apparently the intervening events have made a change in the Israelites so that now they have the confidence and fortitude to fight. What are the intervening events: Red Sea, Marah, manna, Meribah. They have received four miraculous signs that their God is still with them even after they have left Egypt.

