Maddox’s totals in middle-class regions rose significantly. As historian Numan Bartley’s analysis has demonstrated, Maddox now took in 72 percent of “middle-income white” votes and 63 percent of “semi-affluent white” votes as well. Likewise, to the shock to the moderate coalition, more than a quarter of the white elite—Ivan Allen’s friends and neighbors—went for Maddox instead.42
