Thus, the Council asserted two fundamental truths: the primacy of the pope and the infallibility of the pope. First, as the successor of Peter, vicar of Christ, and supreme head of the Church, the pope exercises full and direct authority over the whole Church and over the individual bishops. This authority extends to matters of faith and morals as well as to discipline and church administration. Therefore, the individual bishop owes the pope obedience, “not only in matters concerning faith and morals, but also in those of habits and administration of the church.” Second, when the pope in his
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