God’s supreme justice, they say, requires that our sins deserve temporal and eternal punishments (temporalibus [et] æternis pœnis). We are unable to do anything about this ourselves, and yet “God, in his infinite mercy, has given us as a Surety his only begotten Son, who, to make satisfaction for us, was made sin and became a curse on the cross, for us and in our place” (pro nobis seu vice nostra).32 This is a classic description of the need for and accomplishment of penal substitutionary atonement.33
