From March to May 1946, hundreds of Nationalist leaders and organizers were summarily murdered, some killed in secret, others butchered in front of their families. Abandoned by the Americans, deceived by the Brits, and betrayed by the Japanese as well as the Chinese, the Viet Minh adopted Communist doctrines. In July 1946, temporarily allied with the French, Viet Minh troops attacked the Nationalists’ headquarters in Hanoi.
