Death, in the inevitable sense we are considering in this book, is the result of aging. The simplest way to think of aging is that it is the accumulation of chemical damage to our molecules and cells over time. This damage diminishes our physical and mental capacity until we are unable to function coherently as an individual being—and then we die. I am reminded of the quote from Hemingway’s The Sun Also Rises, in which a character is asked how he went bankrupt, and he replies, “Two ways. Gradually, then suddenly.” Gradually, the slow decline of aging; suddenly, death. The process of aging can
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