Immediately after World War II, NIH leaders foresaw that the rising tide of bureaucracy could drown the work of science. In 1946, Cassius Van Slyke, who would soon become deputy director of the NIH,64 warned in the journal Science that he did not want the work of writing research grants to eclipse the work of actually doing science. “It is not desired that the preparation of these reports present any long, tedious burden,”65 he wrote.
